Ideas of the 20th Century S01 E02 The Abdication of Belief

In lecture two, we encounter the crisis of belief in the 20th century, examining how tensions between scientific and manifest worldviews led to abandoning traditional values. We discuss Hume's is-ought problem and responses from Wittgenstein's transcendental ethics, Nietzsche's relativism and "death of God," to Dostoevsky's Grand Inquisitor. The lecture concludes by examining constrained versus unconstrained visions, highlighting the dangers of abandoning absolute values and the slide toward narcissism without external moral anchors.